Norsk utenrikspolitikk i en varmere verden
Til tross for at klima omtales som vår tids største utfordring, har konsekvensene av klimakrisen fortsatt en marginal betydning i norsk utenrikspolitikk. Vi analyserer hvordan overgangen til et fornybart energisystem, økt klimamigrasjon, press på oljenasjonen Norges omdømme, og store utfordringer for FN, EU og NATO, vil endre betingelsene for norsk utenrikspolitikk. Vi beskriver hvordan utenrikspolitikken påvirkes i tre fremtidsbilder med henholdsvis rask omstilling (A), sen omstilling (B) og ingen omstilling (C). Det utenrikspolitiske handlingsrommet blir mindre i alle fremtidsbildene. Den viktigste prioriteringen i norsk utenrikspolitikk bør være å hindre dramatiske klimaendringer fordi det vil undergrave norsk velstand, sikkerhet og internasjonal stabilitet. I siste del av artikkelen drøfter vi hvilke konsekvenser klimakrisen bør få for prioriteringer i utenrikspolitikken og for våre viktigste allianser. Vi argumenterer for at klimakrisen gir tunge argumenter for å knytte Norge enda nærmere til EU, og for å samarbeide tettere med Kina.
BRI in Central Asia: Mineral and Petroleum Exploration, Extraction and Processing Projects
Mineral resources is the sector that receives most Chinese investment in Central Asia. China and its Central Asian partners pursue both strategic and commercial goals by promoting projects in the minerals sector. Kazakhstan hosts the largest number of projects and receives the largest amount of Chinese investment. The second largest recipient of financing is Turkmenistan, where several big projects are implemented.
BRI in Central Asia: Energy Connectivity Projects
One of the strategic objectives of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in Central Asia is to provide China with alternative import/export and energy supply routes. This data article shows that the presentation and coverage of BRI projects varies considerably from country to country. The largest number of BRI projects in Central Asia are implemented in Kazakhstan and are in the oil and gas sector. By contrast, Turkmenistan is implementing only a few Chinese energy projects, though they are large-scale and its sum of investment is the second-largest of the Central Asian states.
BRI in Central Asia: Overview of Chinese Projects
This data article summarises the analysis of 261 Chinese projects in Central Asia. The findings indicate that trade promotion and industrial development are the sectors where there is most BRI-related activity in Central Asia. The total number of projects in these areas approximates the number of projects in all other areas combined. These sectors also receive most investment. In terms of the number of implemented projects, roads is the second key sector, followed by energy. However, due to larger project sizes, energy receives more funds than roads. The majority of Chinese projects in Central Asia are bilateral.
Hydropower Potential of the Central Asian Countries
This data article surveys the hydropower potential of the five Central Asian countries: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The dataset presents the theoretical hydropower supply capacity of all the river basins of Central Asia. It was prepared using data from national and international sources, and it provides information on installed small and medium hydropower capacities and planned projects in the above-mentioned countries.
Solar Power Potential of the Central Asian Countries
This data compilation surveys the solar energy potential of the five Central Asian countries: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It also provides data on installed and planned solar power capacity in these countries.
Wind Power Potential of the Central Asian Countries
This data article surveys the wind energy potential of the five Central Asian countries; Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The dataset presents the theoretical wind power supply capacity in the region as well as existing wind power installations.
Renewable Energy Policies of the Central Asian Countries
This data article surveys the government policies in support of renewable energy in the five Central Asian republics: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. It begins by providing general information and key energy statistics for these countries. It then presents comparative data on their regulatory policies, fiscal incentives, and public financing policies. The data were collected from government institutions of the Central Asian states, official national statistics, media reports, and international organizations.
Derfor skal vi bry oss om G20-toppmøtet i Japan
Utfordringene knyttet til frihandel og markedstilgang er svært viktige for Norge. Det vil de fortsette å være når G20 forflytter seg til Riyadh i 2020, skriver Wrenn Yennie Lindgren i denne kronikken.