Publikasjoner

Y-blokka og Syria

Hva har Y-blokka, kriseloven og Norges Syria-bidrag til felles?

Analyzing Frenemies: An Arctic repertoire of cooperation and rivalry

Mesteparten av samhandlingen mellom stater skjer et eller annet sted imellom robust, idyllisk og ubestridt fred og full krig. Arktis er ikke noe unntak. Her har intensivt transnasjonalt samarbeid og manifestasjoner av sikkerhetspolitisk rivalisering mellom NATO og Russland utspilt seg i over 30 år i kjølvannet av Den kalde krigen. I denne artikkelen utforsker Elana Wilson Rowe, Forsker 1 på NUPI, hvordan stater i Arktis har balansert måten de praktiserer samarbeid og rivalisering på i et spesielt krevende politisk landskap etter Krim-annekteringen for fem år siden.

Reyting gotovnosti k peremenam: Sposobny li rossiyskiye neftyanye kompanii adaptirovatsya k novym realiyam mirovykh energeticheskikh rynkov

Er russiske oljeselskaper i stand til å tilpasse seg til den nye virkeligheten i internasjonale energimarkeder?

International Development Assistance. Policy Drivers and Performance

This book provides a comprehensive search for the basic political drivers of international development cooperation, based on the policy and performance of the OECD countries from the early 1960s to the present. The author focuses on the stated and implemented policies of the so-called frontrunners and the Western hegemon, scrutinizing the changing trends in the justifications, objectives and guidelines set for the policy and their evolving performance vis-à-vis the stated policy and the international ODA target. Yhrough extensive research, the work examines predominant world-views, societal value systems and foreign policy traditions in order to find the policy drivers that vary nation to nation and how development assistance has evolved globally.

China’s Export Success: Due to Unfair Practices or Fair Competition?

Compared with previous ratings, China’s trade policy today is more positively acknowledged. Yet, China can still be criticised in particular because of its non-transparent subsidy policy, the privileged role of state-owned enterprises, the heavy hand of the state in general, the sluggish enforcement of intellectual property rights, and the prevalence of non-tariff barriers. Yet, it cannot be ignored that Chinese entrepreneurship mentality is highly developed outside state interference in world markets. Especially, in the digital economy, high motivation and a large pool of human skills act as drivers of innovations, so far mainly process innovations. The trade war with the US hurts China and is responded by China with asymmetrical retaliation. The more Chinese exports to the US in total are affected, the more costs will have to be borne by US consumers as options to shift to alternative suppliers become weaker. What President Trump would see as a “good” deal for the US is unclear. It can be thus presumed that the trade war will continue into 2020 and that it is in fact a tech war. The EU is affected as EU companies produce in China for the US market and in the US for the Chinese market. While it might gain from trade diversion effects in the short run, the negative effects on investment due to uncertainty weigh more heavily. The EU is tempted to negotiate a free trade agreement with China but rightly refuses to start negotiations before China is prepared to conclude an agreement on investment. The EU should not see China and the US on equidistance. Workable relations with the US are much more important. To conclude, China’s trade policy has improved relative to Western standards but still warrants further steps towards much less state influence. Yet, its global competiveness especially in the state-of-the-art digital economy is high and is owed to a strong entrepreneurial mentality.

Perspectives on European development co-operation : policy and performance of individual donor countries and the EU

A Century of US Diplomatic Security: An Evolutionary Response to a Changing Threat Environment

This chapter traces nearly 100 years of US Diplomatic Security from its pre-WWI origins up to the Obama Administration, describing the key drivers of its qualitative and quantitative expansion through the Cold War into the post 9-11 world. It offers a detailed breakdown of the various roles and missions of the State Department's Bureau of Diplomatic Security, as well as the ancillary diplomatic security role played by the US military.

Å varsle om hybride trusler

Hybrid Warfare Early Warning and Detection. It discusses history of warnning intelligence and why and how hybrid warfare creates new challenges for warning intelligence. It also briefly reviews four concise case studies on real-world expermentation on detecting hybrid threats.

Local Drivers of Violent Extremism in Central Mali

This policy brief examines the processes of violent extremist mobilisation and radicalisation in Mopti, Central Mali. Specifically, it looks at the strategies employed by one of the most salient radical jihadist groups in the region, the Katiba Macina. It seeks to answer the following questions: 1) Given that violent extremist mobilisation has not taken root uniformly across regions in Mali, and because it is often endogenous to local dynamics, how has Mopti as a region become an enabling environment for jihadist actors like the Katiba Macina? 2) How do groups like the Katiba Macina mobilise local support and integrate themselves among communities? 3) Why do individuals join, adhere to or accept the Katiba Macina?

Introduction

Informasjons og kommunikasjonsteknologi (IKT) betyr nye muligheter men også utfordringer for utviklingsland. Anvendelse av IKT, digitalisering og automasjon gir mulighet til store forbedringer i effektivitet og produktivitet, nye tjenestetilbud og yrker og binder sammen aktørene. Utviklingslandenes mulighet til å utnytte potensialet avhenger imidlertid av deres sosiale, økonomiske og institusjonelle forutsetninger. Mens digitalisering forventes å skape økonomisk vekst og høyere produktivitet, kan digitale skillelinjer, ekskludering og ulikhet også ofte observeres. Som et av verdens største land og med rask utbredelse av IKT er India spesielt egnet til å studere forholdet mellom digitalisering og utvikling. Denne boken presenterer en rekke nye bidrag på temaet, med fokus på India i et internasjonalt perspektiv. Dette introduksjonskapitlet gir bakgrunnsinformasjon om IKT i India; gir en introduksjon til hovedtemaer i forholdet mellom IKT, sosio-økonomisk utvikling og digital ulikhet; og gir et sammendrag og en veiviser til de senere kapitlene i boken. Hovedbudskapet fra boken sett under ett er av virkningen av IKT avhenger av andre ressurser, kunnskap og institusjonelle forhold. Nasjonal politikk må derfor ikke bare fremme digitalisering som sådan, men også sørge for samtidig utvikling av en rekke andre faktorer i hvert land.