Training for Peace 2011 - 2019 (TfP)
The Training for Peace Programme (TfP Programme) is an international programme that contributes towards capacity building within the broader ambit of peace operations in Africa....
Equinor – NUPI Political and Security Risk Forum
Equinor – NUPI Political and Security Risk Forum is a collaboration between Equnor and NUPI to strengthen Equinor’s Norwegian-based knowledge hub in the field of political risk and security threat ana...
The UN at war: examining the consequences of peace-enforcement mandates for the UN peacekeeping operations in the CAR, the DRC and Mali
The UN peacekeeping operations in the Central African Republic (CAR), Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Mali were in 2013 given peace enforcement mandates, ordering them to use all necessary measures to ‘neutralise’ and ‘disarm’ identified groups in the eastern DRC and to ‘stabilise’ CAR and northern Mali. It is not new that UN missions have mandates authorising the use of force, but these have normally not specified enemies and have been of short duration. This article investigates these missions to better understand the short- and long-term consequences, in terms of the willingness of traditional as well as Western troop contributors to provide troops, and of the perception of the missions by host states, neighbouring states, rebel groups, and humanitarian and human rights actors. The paper explores normative, security and legitimacy implications of the expanded will of the UN to use force in peacekeeping operations. It argues that the urge to equip UN peacekeeping operations with enforcement mandates that target particular groups has significant long-term implications for the UN and its role as an impartial arbitrator in post-conflict countries.
Ukraine in the world
The Norwegian Institute of International Affairs, NUPI, has the pleasure of inviting you to a seminar with First Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine, Ms Nataliia Galibarenko.
Boko Haram: fra åpen forkynnelse til hypervoldelig salafisme?
«Konsortium for forskning om terrorisme og internasjonal kriminalitet» har gleden av å invitere til konsortiumseminar på NUPI
Rights up Front and the Protections of Civilians: Towards Ensuring the Core Responsibilities of the UN?
In the wake of the 2012 Internal Review Panel (IRP) findings on UN Action in Sri Lanka, which characterized the failed efforts of the UN as a “systemic failure”, the UN Secretary-General launched the Human Rights up Front (RUF) initiative in late 2013.
Europe's energy future
Ukraine is one of the most important external markets for Russian gas and the most important transit country for Russian gas supplies to Europe. However, gas relations between Russia and Ukraine have not been easy.
Security Sector Reform: A Literature Review
‘Security sector reform’, or SSR, has become a cornerstone of international development, post-conflict peacebuilding and state-building initiatives. The term emerged in the late 1990s in recognition of the changing international security environment and the limitations of peace accords in failing and failed states. Aimed at promoting both effective and legitimate provision of security in countries emerging from conflict or undergoing processes of political transition, SSRrelated activities have growth significantly in scope as well as scale. However, security sector reform remains a contested concept that can have different meanings in different contexts and for different audiences. Various institutions, groups and nations involved in SSR tend to understand the concept on the basis of their own policies, doctrines and practices.1 Experience has also shown that SSR is often conducted in challenging political, socio-economic and security environments. Given the diversity of perceptions and contexts, SSR approaches and implementation vary greatly within the international community. Against that backdrop, this contribution reviews the comprehensive literature on security sector reform. Specifically, it asks: what were the authoritative influences and actors in the development of the SSR concept? What is the current state of theoretical discussion? What challenges and opportunities does adoption of SSR entail? How successfully has the concept been adopted in international peace operations? Are there any particular criticisms of the SSR concept? How might SSR practice be improved?